Revision Notes

Leaf Structure

1. Waxy Cuticle – Forms a waterproof layer to stop any loss of water.

2. Upper Epidermis – Consisting of epidermal cells. These have no chloroplasts.

3. Palisade cells – These contain lots of chloroplasts, which contain lot of chlorophyll. This is where photosynthesis is carried out.

4. Spongy Mesophyll Layer

5. Air Spaces – allow for diffusion of water vapour etc…

6. Guard Cells – These form stomata (pores) which allow for the diffusion of gases in and out of the plant.

7. Leaf Vein – containing xylem and phloem tubes.