| Irony | Expressing something by using words that mean the opposite (humorous or sarcastic) |
| Analogy | Comparing the likeness of two things |
| Personification | Giving an inanimate object human characteristics |
| Simile | Comparing two objects as they have something in common (e.g. as white as snow) |
| Alliteration | Repetition of a consonant in a phrase (e.g. Harry had a hole in his hard hat) |
| Assonance | Repetition of vowel sound (e.g. cold, told, bold) |
| Parataxis | Use of very short, sharp sentences |
| Metaphor | Comparisons which don’t use “like” or “as”, but say that something “is” something else because it is similar |
| Imagery | Using language to convey an atmosphere |
| Onomatopoeia | When spoken, a word which sounds the same as its meaning (e.g. “hiss” – a snake) |
| Hyperbole | Exaggerating something so much that it cannot be taken literally |
